India: Antitrust/Competition Law

upGrad operates in India and overseas across formal and non-formal education. In India, it provides study abroad services, partners with universities to offer certificate courses, offers upskilling courses, and provides internship and recruitment services. Sorting Hat, the Unacademy group, is present in non-formal education and test preparation.

The CCI examined allegations of cartelisation among HP India Sales Private Limited (‘HP India’), an OEM, and 16 of its Tier-2 resellers in relation to GeM tenders in the Delhi region for the supply of HP Supplies Products (ink and toner cartridges and other print consumables) exceeding INR 20 lakhs in value. The case originated from a lesser penalty application filed by HP India under Section 46 of the Act, followed by a separate application by Mr. Manoj Grover, a former HP India official. Based on these disclosures, the CCI formed a prima facie opinion and directed the DG to investigate the matter.

Velusamy Karuppannan (the ‘Informant’), a software professional, alleged before the CCI that AVEVA Group Limited and its Indian subsidiaries (collectively, ‘AVEVA’) contravened Sections 3(4) and 4 of the Act by abusing its dominant position in the market for industrial automation software (Manufacturing Execution Systems (‘MES’), Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (‘SCADA’), and Historian) through: (i) coercing customers into the AVEVA Flex Subscription model and hiding perpetual licenses, driving higher prices and minimum credit commitments...

The CCI examined allegations of cartelisation among HP India Sales Private Limited (‘HP India’), an OEM, and 16 of its Tier-2 resellers in relation to GeM tenders in the Delhi region for the supply of HP Supplies Products (ink and toner cartridges and other print consumables) exceeding INR 20 lakhs in value. The case originated from a lesser penalty application filed by HP India under Section 46 of the Act, followed by a separate application by Mr. Manoj Grover, a former HP India official. Based on these disclosures, the CCI formed a prima facie opinion and directed the DG to investigate the matter.

An information had been filed against Reliance Jio Infocom Limited and more than 4,500 entities operating across various sectors of the economy, inter alia alleging contravention of the provisions of Sections 3 and 4 of the Act. The informant had raised allegations of anti-competitive practices spanning multiple sectors, including logistics, telecommunications, Government-e-Marketplace (‘GeM’) procurement, energy and infrastructure, batteries and energy storage, plywood and engineered wood products, cement, steel and electrical products, information technology hardware, Fast Moving Consumer Goods (‘FMCG’), education, fertilisers, healthcare, pharmaceuticals, laminates, plastic and pipes, mattresses, staple foods, and real estate in the eastern and north-eastern regions of India.

The Competition Commission of India closed proceedings against the All India Organisation of Chemist & Druggist, pharmaceutical manufacturers' associations, and 22 pharmaceutical companies, rejecting allegations that they colluded to control stockist appointments and new drug launches through mandatory Letters of Cooperation and Product Information Service charges.

India and the European Union have concluded negotiations on a comprehensive Free Trade Agreement, with the EU offering preferential tariff access to 97% of tariff lines for Indian exports while India provides access...

On June 9, 2026, the CCI held four associations of truck operators in the mining districts of Odisha to be in contravention of Sections 3(3)(a) and 3(3)(b) read with Section 3(1) of the Act, directed them to cease and desist, and left the quantum of penalty open until the parties file their financial details

The India-New Zealand Free Trade Agreement, ratified on 21 September 2026 and set to take effect on 20 October 2026, represents a landmark development in bilateral economic relations. This comprehensive analysis examines the Agreement's key provisions, including New Zealand's commitment to 100% duty-free market access for Indian exports, Rules of Origin requirements, service sector opportunities for Indian professionals and students, and New Zealand's pledge to facilitate USD 20 billion in investments into